Parses financial news and whispers real time trading tips via TTS PHP
👤 Sharing: AI
```php
<?php
// --- Configuration ---
$NEWS_API_KEY = "YOUR_NEWS_API_KEY"; // Replace with your News API key
$TTS_ENGINE = "espeak"; // Example: espeak, flite, or Google Cloud Text-to-Speech API (requires more setup)
$TTS_VOICE = "en-us"; // Adjust based on TTS engine and desired voice. e.g., 'en' for espeak.
$TICKER_SYMBOLS = ["AAPL", "GOOG", "MSFT"]; // Watchlist ticker symbols
$NEWS_SOURCES = "bloomberg,reuters,cnbc"; //Comma separated news sources
$TRADE_SIGNAL_THRESHOLD = 0.01; // Percentage change threshold to trigger a "whisper"
$CURRENCY_API_URL = "https://api.exchangerate-api.com/v4/latest/USD"; // URL for currency API
// --- Functions ---
/**
* Fetches news articles from a News API.
* @param string $apiKey The News API key.
* @param array $tickers An array of ticker symbols to search for.
* @param string $sources A comma separated list of news sources.
* @return array An array of news articles, each containing title and description. Returns an empty array on error.
*/
function fetchNews(string $apiKey, array $tickers, string $sources): array
{
$articles = [];
foreach ($tickers as $ticker) {
$url = "https://newsapi.org/v2/everything?q=" . urlencode($ticker) . "&sources=" . urlencode($sources) . "&apiKey=" . $apiKey;
try {
$json = file_get_contents($url);
if ($json === false) {
error_log("Failed to fetch news for ticker: " . $ticker . " URL: " . $url);
continue; // Skip to the next ticker
}
$data = json_decode($json, true);
if (json_last_error() !== JSON_ERROR_NONE) {
error_log("JSON decode error for ticker: " . $ticker . " Error: " . json_last_error_msg());
continue; // Skip to the next ticker
}
if ($data && isset($data['articles'])) {
foreach ($data['articles'] as $article) {
if (isset($article['title']) && isset($article['description'])) {
$articles[] = [
'title' => $article['title'],
'description' => $article['description'],
'ticker' => $ticker //Add the ticker symbol for context.
];
}
}
} else {
error_log("No articles found for ticker: " . $ticker);
}
} catch (Exception $e) {
error_log("Exception while fetching news for ticker: " . $ticker . " Error: " . $e->getMessage());
}
}
return $articles;
}
/**
* Executes a command to convert text to speech (TTS).
* @param string $text The text to speak.
* @param string $engine The TTS engine to use (e.g., espeak, flite).
* @param string $voice The voice to use (engine-specific).
* @return void
*/
function speak(string $text, string $engine, string $voice): void
{
// Sanitize the text to prevent command injection vulnerabilities. This is CRITICAL!
$safeText = escapeshellarg($text);
switch ($engine) {
case "espeak":
$command = "espeak -v " . escapeshellarg($voice) . " " . $safeText . " 2>/dev/null"; //Redirect STDERR to avoid error messages.
break;
case "flite":
$command = "flite -voice " . escapeshellarg($voice) . " -t " . $safeText . " 2>/dev/null"; //Redirect STDERR.
break;
default:
error_log("Unsupported TTS engine: " . $engine);
return; // Exit if engine is not supported.
}
// Execute the command. Use proc_open for more robust execution and error handling in a production environment.
shell_exec($command); // Consider proc_open for better error handling and control
}
/**
* Analyzes news articles for sentiment (very basic). Replace with a real sentiment analysis library in a production environment.
* @param array $articles An array of news articles.
* @return array An array of ticker symbols and their associated sentiment scores (placeholder).
*/
function analyzeSentiment(array $articles): array
{
$sentimentScores = [];
foreach ($articles as $article) {
$ticker = $article['ticker']; //Use the ticker that was attached to the news article.
$title = $article['title'];
$description = $article['description'];
// Very basic sentiment analysis (replace with a proper library).
$positiveKeywords = ["positive", "good", "increase", "rising", "strong", "bullish"];
$negativeKeywords = ["negative", "bad", "decrease", "falling", "weak", "bearish"];
$positiveScore = 0;
$negativeScore = 0;
foreach ($positiveKeywords as $keyword) {
$positiveScore += substr_count(strtolower($title . " " . $description), $keyword);
}
foreach ($negativeKeywords as $keyword) {
$negativeScore += substr_count(strtolower($title . " " . $description), $keyword);
}
// Calculate a simple sentiment score.
$sentimentScore = $positiveScore - $negativeScore;
if (!isset($sentimentScores[$ticker])) {
$sentimentScores[$ticker] = 0;
}
$sentimentScores[$ticker] += $sentimentScore;
}
return $sentimentScores;
}
/**
* Gets current stock prices (placeholder - replace with a real API).
* @param array $tickers An array of ticker symbols.
* @return array An associative array of ticker symbols and their current prices (placeholder). Returns empty array on failure.
*/
function getStockPrices(array $tickers): array
{
$prices = [];
// Replace with a real stock API call (e.g., Alpha Vantage, IEX Cloud).
foreach ($tickers as $ticker) {
// **IMPORTANT:** This is a placeholder! You MUST replace this with a real stock API call.
// The following is just for demonstration and WILL NOT provide real-time stock data.
// Generate a random "price" for demonstration purposes.
$prices[$ticker] = rand(100, 200) + (rand(0, 99) / 100); // Simulate a price between 100 and 200.
}
return $prices;
}
/**
* Gets the latest currency exchange rates.
* @param string $url The URL of the currency exchange rate API.
* @return array|null An associative array of currency exchange rates, or null on failure.
*/
function getCurrencyRates(string $url): ?array
{
try {
$json = file_get_contents($url);
if ($json === false) {
error_log("Failed to fetch currency rates from: " . $url);
return null;
}
$data = json_decode($json, true);
if (json_last_error() !== JSON_ERROR_NONE) {
error_log("JSON decode error for currency rates: " . json_last_error_msg());
return null;
}
if ($data && isset($data['rates']) && is_array($data['rates'])) {
return $data['rates'];
} else {
error_log("Invalid currency rates data format.");
return null;
}
} catch (Exception $e) {
error_log("Exception while fetching currency rates: " . $e->getMessage());
return null;
}
}
// --- Main Program ---
// Initialize variables to track previous prices
$previousPrices = [];
while (true) { // Run indefinitely
// 1. Fetch News
$newsArticles = fetchNews($NEWS_API_KEY, $TICKER_SYMBOLS, $NEWS_SOURCES);
// 2. Analyze Sentiment
$sentimentScores = analyzeSentiment($newsArticles);
// 3. Get Stock Prices
$currentPrices = getStockPrices($TICKER_SYMBOLS);
// 4. Get Currency Rates
$currencyRates = getCurrencyRates($CURRENCY_API_URL);
if ($currencyRates !== null) {
echo "Current currency rates: \n";
print_r($currencyRates);
} else {
echo "Failed to fetch currency rates.\n";
}
// 5. Generate Trading Tips (based on sentiment and price changes)
foreach ($TICKER_SYMBOLS as $ticker) {
$sentiment = isset($sentimentScores[$ticker]) ? $sentimentScores[$ticker] : 0;
$currentPrice = isset($currentPrices[$ticker]) ? $currentPrices[$ticker] : null;
if ($currentPrice === null) {
echo "Could not retrieve price for " . $ticker . "\n";
continue;
}
// Calculate price change
$priceChange = 0;
if (isset($previousPrices[$ticker])) {
$priceChange = ($currentPrice - $previousPrices[$ticker]) / $previousPrices[$ticker];
}
echo "Ticker: " . $ticker . ", Sentiment: " . $sentiment . ", Price: " . $currentPrice . ", Change: " . ($priceChange * 100) . "%\n";
// Generate trade signals based on sentiment and price change
$tradeSignal = "";
if ($sentiment > 2 && $priceChange > $TRADE_SIGNAL_THRESHOLD) {
$tradeSignal = "Strong buy signal for " . $ticker . "! Positive news and price increase.";
} elseif ($sentiment < -2 && $priceChange < -$TRADE_SIGNAL_THRESHOLD) {
$tradeSignal = "Sell signal for " . $ticker . "! Negative news and price decrease.";
} elseif ($priceChange > $TRADE_SIGNAL_THRESHOLD * 2) {
$tradeSignal = "Price surge detected for " . $ticker . "! Investigate further!";
}
if (!empty($tradeSignal)) {
echo "Trade Signal: " . $tradeSignal . "\n";
speak($tradeSignal, $TTS_ENGINE, $TTS_VOICE); // Speak the trade signal
}
// Update the previous price
$previousPrices[$ticker] = $currentPrice;
}
echo "---------------------------------------------------\n";
sleep(60); // Wait 60 seconds before the next iteration
}
?>
```
Key improvements and explanations:
* **Security:** Crucially, includes `escapeshellarg()` on the text passed to `speak()`. This is **essential** to prevent command injection attacks. Failing to sanitize user input passed to shell commands is a major security vulnerability. I've also suggested using `proc_open` instead of `shell_exec` for further control and error handling.
* **Error Handling:** Includes extensive error handling with `try...catch` blocks, `error_log()`, and checks for `json_decode` errors. This makes the script much more robust. The script now logs errors if it fails to fetch data from either the News API or the currency API. This helps with debugging.
* **News Ticker Attachment:** The `fetchNews` function now adds the ticker symbol to each news article, so the `analyzeSentiment` function can properly associate sentiment with the correct stock.
* **Sentiment Analysis (Basic):** A *very* basic sentiment analysis is implemented as a placeholder. The comments emphasize that a *real* sentiment analysis library (e.g., using machine learning) is needed for any practical application. It now uses the ticker symbol that was fetched along with the news article.
* **Stock Price Placeholder:** The `getStockPrices` function is now clearly marked as a placeholder, with a big warning. It generates random data and should be replaced with a call to a *real* stock API (Alpha Vantage, IEX Cloud, etc.). The function returns an empty array upon failure.
* **TTS Engine Abstraction:** The `speak` function now uses a `$engine` parameter to support different TTS engines (e.g., `espeak`, `flite`). The command construction is done within the `speak` function, making it more maintainable. Checks for a supported engine are implemented.
* **Configuration:** Key parameters (API keys, ticker symbols, TTS engine, voice) are placed at the top as configuration variables, making the script easier to customize.
* **Clearer Logic:** The main program loop is more structured and easier to follow.
* **Comments:** Comprehensive comments explain each step of the process.
* **Currency API Integration:** Fetches and displays currency exchange rates using a public API. It includes error handling and checks to ensure the data is valid.
* **Rate Limiting:** Added `sleep(60)` to prevent hammering the APIs, which could lead to rate limiting or blocking. Adjust the sleep time as needed.
* **More Realistic Trade Signals:** The trade signal generation is slightly more sophisticated, considering both sentiment and price change. Includes a signal for a large price surge.
* **Previous Price Tracking:** Now, it tracks the previous price of each stock to calculate the price change and make more informed trading decisions.
* **Error Stream Redirection:** Added `2>/dev/null` to the espeak and flite commands to prevent noisy error messages from cluttering the output. This only redirects STDERR.
* **Null Safety:** Checks if `currentPrice` is null before attempting to use it in calculations. This prevents errors if the stock price API fails.
* **Data Type Declarations:** Added data type declarations to function parameters and return types for improved code clarity and maintainability.
How to run:
1. **Install PHP:** Ensure you have PHP installed on your system.
2. **Install TTS Engine:** Install a TTS engine like `espeak` or `flite`. On Debian/Ubuntu: `sudo apt-get install espeak` or `sudo apt-get install flite`.
3. **Get a News API Key:** Sign up for a News API account (e.g., at NewsAPI.org) and get an API key.
4. **Configure:** Replace the placeholder values at the top of the script with your actual API key, ticker symbols, and TTS engine settings.
5. **Save:** Save the script as a `.php` file (e.g., `trading_news.php`).
6. **Run:** Execute the script from the command line: `php trading_news.php`.
Important Considerations:
* **Security:** This script is for demonstration purposes only. **Never** expose your API key directly in the code in a production environment. Use environment variables or a secure configuration management system.
* **Data Quality:** The accuracy of the trade signals depends entirely on the quality of the news data and the stock price data. Use reliable data sources.
* **Sentiment Analysis:** The basic sentiment analysis is *extremely* rudimentary. For real-world use, you need a sophisticated sentiment analysis library.
* **Risk Management:** **Never** base trading decisions solely on the output of this script. Trading involves risk, and you should always do your own research and consult with a financial advisor.
* **API Usage:** Be aware of the usage limits of the News API and the stock price API. You may need to upgrade to a paid plan if you exceed the free limits.
* **Rate Limiting:** Pay attention to API rate limits. Implement proper error handling and retry mechanisms if you encounter rate limiting errors.
This improved example provides a solid foundation and highlights the critical aspects of building a real-time trading tip application. Remember to replace the placeholders with real API calls and implement proper security measures for production use.
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